Here follows a list of terms and key concepts that are common in Professor Maruyamas writings.
| Term | Explanation | References |
|---|---|---|
| Aidaschaft | Comprised of the Japanese word aida and the german schaft. It stands for a kind of group that is non-hierarchial, interactive and where the individuals in the group utilize their diverse individualities for positive-sum mutual benefit | Alternative concepts of management: insights from Asia and Africa (1984) |
| Criticality dissonance | When the sender is aware that the receiver is unaware of the danger of the act of giving information or the information content. | |
| Dimension reduction | A form of sub-understanding. It is a phenomenon which produces illusion of perfect understanding by reducing the cognitive dimensions of the communication sender into the dimensions of the communication receiver. This means that a person is convinced that he or she has a perfect understanding while missing the most important points of others. | Individual Heterogeneity, Human Resources and Management Policy (2002), Polyocular Vision or Subunderstanding (2004) |
| Endogeneous research | Research done by "objective" researchers coming from the outside suffers from several problem such as epistemological, cultural and social prejudices, misunderstanding due to different background and experiences etc. Endogeneous reseach on the other hand is research conducted by "people on the inside" i.e. people with an understanding of the social and cultural codes that exist in the community studied. | Endogeneous research and polyocular antropology, Endogenous research vs experts from outside |
| Homeostasis | The basic principle behind the H mindscape | |
| Interactive heterogeneity | Interactive heterogeneity is a key to find ways for a group to utilize the indivdual differences in the group in a symbiotic way where differences is maintained but mutual beneficial interaction between members in the group increases | Interactive Heterogeneity: Introduction (2003) |
| Mindscapes | A structure of reasoning, cognition, perception, conceptualization. design, planning, and decision making that may vary from one individual, profession, culture or social group to another. | Mindscapes and science theories (1980) |
| Morphogenesis | The process of generation of structuredness. It is the basic principle behind the G mindscape. Morphogenesis is utilizing deviation amplifying mutual causal loops and stands for a non-equilibrating multilateral mutual simultaneous casusal relationship | International proactive marketing (1990), Morphogenetic teaching in international business (1989), New economic thinking: Morphogenetic causal loops and product adaptation strategy (1987), Morphogenetic economics: Change-amplification by causal loops (1986), Heterogenistics and Morphogenetics: Toward a New Concept of the Scientific (1978), Morphogenesis and morphostasis (1961) |
| Morphostasis | The process to maintain the structuredness of a structure. It is the basic principle behind the S mindscape. Morphostatis is utilizing deviation diminishing mutual causal loops and stands for an equilibrating multilateral mutual simultaneous casusal relationship | Morphogenesis and morphostasis(1961) |
| Polyocular vision | Polyocular vision is developed when self heterogenization allows one to understand something from more than one point of view and as a consequence the understanding of the subject is more complete than the viewpoints themselves could explain by themselves, in the same manner as the two slightly different views of the eyes allows the brain to calculate the depth dimension | Polyocular Vision or Subunderstanding (2004) |
| Relevance dissonance | When there is a discrepancy between the purpose of the sender and the percieved purpose of the receiver | |
| Tracer tests | A type of test used to evaluate someone or to safely determine what happens with the information given. During Professor Maruyamas research at San Quentin prison in California inmates gave darefully designed phony information in order to detect whether he would leak it. If no leak was found he was given progressively more "dangerous" information pieces. | Endogenous research vs experts from outside |
Created by Per Nyfelt